These three shipping routes often correlated freight rate trends, so we examine them together.

Middle East

  1. United Arab Emirates (UAE): Officially the United Arab Emirates, it is a key component of the Middle East shipping route.
  2. Saudi Arabia:
    • DAMMAM
    • RIYADH (an inland city requiring rail transit)
    • JUBAIL
  3. Qatar:
    • HAMAD (also known as the New Port of Doha; the old Port of Doha is closed and no longer in use)
  4. Bahrain:
    • BAHRAIN (similar to Singapore, another case where the country and port share the same name)
  5. Kuwait:
    • SHUWAIKH
    • SHUAIBA
  6. Iraq:
    • UMM QASR
  7. Oman:
    • SOHAR

India-Pakistan

The India-Pakistan route is a collective term for the India and Pakistan shipping routes. In practice, the India route often includes not only India but also Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, and the Maldives. Some shipping companies may classify Bangladesh under the Southeast Asia route.

  1. India:
    India is a unique case, being a large country with numerous inland container depots. Shipping companies often provide rail transport services to inland destinations. In international logistics, if the destination is listed as “ICD + city name,” it indicates an inland point serviced by the shipping company. ICD stands for Inland Container Depot. Given the numerous inland points, only the major seaports are listed here:
    • NHAVA SHEVA (also known as JAWAHARLAL NEHRU Port, located in Mumbai, India’s former capital, and referred to as the New Port of Mumbai)
    • MUMBAI (only a few shipping companies serve the Port of Mumbai)
    • MUNDRA
    • CHENNAI
    • ENNORE
    • PIPAVAV
    • VISAKHAPATNAM (abbreviated as VIZAG)
    • COCHIN
    • TUTICORIN
    • KOLKATA (also known as CALCUTTA)
    • NEW MANGALORE
    • HALDIA
    • HAZIRA
    • PARADIP
  2. Pakistan:
    • KARACHI (the main port of Pakistan, divided into four terminals: S, K, P, and Q)
    • PORT QASIM (the Q terminal mentioned above)
  3. Sri Lanka:
    • COLOMBO
  4. Bangladesh:
    • CHITTAGONG
    • MONGLA
    • DHAKA
  5. Maldives:
    • MALE

Red Sea

The Red Sea route specifically refers to ports along the Red Sea coast. For some countries along the Red Sea, certain ports may belong to the Red Sea route while others are classified under different routes.

  1. Saudi Arabia:
    • JEDDAH
  2. Jordan:
    • AQABA
  3. Egypt:
    • SOKHNA
  4. Djibouti:
    • DJIBOUTI (another case of a shared country and port name)
  5. Yemen:
    • ADEN
    • HODEIDAH
  6. Sudan:
    • PORT SUDAN